What is the key difference between soluble and insoluble fiber?

The key difference between soluble and insoluble fiber lies primarily in their interactions with water and their physiological roles in the body. Soluble fiber, as the name suggests, dissolves in water, forming a gel-like substance. This characteristic is significant because soluble fiber is known for its ability to help regulate blood sugar levels. When consumed, it slows down the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, leading to a more gradual rise in blood sugar levels after meals. This property makes soluble fiber particularly beneficial for individuals managing diabetes or those looking to stabilize their blood sugar levels.

In contrast, insoluble fiber does not dissolve in water and is not gel-forming. Instead, it adds bulk to the stool and helps promote regular bowel movements, making it beneficial for digestive health. While insoluble fiber plays a crucial role in maintaining gut health, it does not have the same regulatory effect on blood sugar levels as soluble fiber.