What is a common effect of protein deficiency on the immune system?

A weakened immune response is a common effect of protein deficiency on the immune system because proteins play a crucial role in the formation and function of immune cells and antibodies. Proteins are the building blocks of various components that the body requires for a fully functional immune system.

When there is a deficiency in protein intake, the body cannot produce enough antibodies, cytokines, and other immune molecules essential for fighting infections. This impairment can lead to an increased susceptibility to infections and a higher risk of illness. For example, the body may struggle to produce adequate levels of immunoglobulins, which are vital for identifying and neutralizing pathogens.

Additionally, protein deficiencies can lead to a reduction in the number and activity of immune system cells, such as lymphocytes and macrophages, which are integral to the body's defense mechanisms. Therefore, when the body is deprived of necessary proteins, the ability to respond effectively to pathogens is compromised, leading to an overall weakened immune system.