What element is added to fatty acids during the process of hydrogenation?

During the process of hydrogenation, hydrogen is the element that is added to fatty acids. This chemical process involves the addition of hydrogen atoms to the carbon-carbon double bonds present in unsaturated fatty acids. The purpose of hydrogenation is to convert liquid oils into solid or semi-solid fats, which can enhance texture and stability in food products.

As hydrogen is added, the number of double bonds decreases, transforming unsaturated fats into more saturated forms. This process is commonly used in the production of margarine and shortening, contributing to the desired consistency and shelf-life of these products.

Understanding hydrogenation is important because it impacts both the nutritional profile and health effects of fats in the diet. Increased consumption of partially hydrogenated oils has been associated with an increase in trans fats, which can negatively affect heart health.